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Selection of Forging Temperature and Heating Requirements for Forgings
Release time:
2024-11-27
Many types of forgings have particularly strict requirements for the selection of forging temperature and heating. Today, our forging factory will briefly discuss the selection of forging temperature and the heating requirements for forgings.
Many types of forgings have particularly strict requirements for the selection of forging temperature and heating. Today, our forging factory will briefly explain the selection of forging temperature and heating requirements for forgings.
(1) Selection of deformation temperature: The forging heating temperature of austenitic stainless steel is limited by the formation temperature of high-temperature ferrite (α-phase). If the heating temperature is too high, the amount of α-phase ferrite will significantly increase, reducing the plasticity of the steel and causing uneven plastic deformation, leading to cracks at the phase interface. Therefore, the starting forging temperature for austenitic stainless steel is generally controlled at 1150~1200℃. To prevent the increase in deformation resistance due to the leaching of carbides in the structure, which can cause forging cracks, the final forging temperature should not be too low, generally not below 850℃. For ordinary 18-8 type stainless steel, the starting forging temperature is set at 1200℃; if molybdenum or high silicon is present, it should be below 1150℃. For 25-12 type and 25-20 type, the starting forging temperature should not exceed 1150℃, and the final temperature should not be lower than 925℃.
(2) Heating requirements: Stainless steel has poor thermal conductivity, so heating must strictly follow the temperature and speed: slow heating below 800℃ (0.3~0.5mm/min), and rapid heating can occur after reaching 920℃. To ensure corrosion resistance, it is essential to strictly avoid carbon infiltration during heating. Therefore, austenitic stainless steel should not be heated in a reducing atmosphere or excessively oxidizing atmosphere, and direct flame should not be sprayed on the blank; otherwise, it may increase carbon content in the steel or deplete chromium in the grain boundary area, increasing the sensitivity of the steel to intergranular corrosion. The time the forging stays in the high-temperature zone should not be too long, as this can easily cause severe over-oxidation, element depletion, and grain coarsening. Specific guidelines can be selected according to the forging manual P217 Table 2-3-15, generally not less than 10~20 minutes.
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