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Basic Knowledge of Forgings
Release time:
2024-11-27
When considering the forging temperature of the forgings, it is important to take into account the temperature drop during the contact process between the blank and the tooling, and to preheat the tooling.
1. When considering the forging temperature of the forging piece, it is important to take into account the temperature drop during the contact process between the blank and the die, and to preheat the die.
2. For alloys with a high degree of difficulty in deformation, slow deformation should be adopted as much as possible, and the deformation amount for each hammer strike or each stroke of the press should be controlled, generally around 20%. For materials sensitive to speed, the deformation speed should also consider the temperature effect.
3. Closed die forging has better plasticity than open die forging, while open die forging is better than free forging. In the free forging process, the elongation with a shaped anvil and the upsetting with a ring are more effective in utilizing the plasticity of the metal than elongation with a flat anvil and upsetting without a ring.
4. When elongating with low plasticity, it is important to choose an appropriate feed ratio. If the feed ratio is too small, deformation will concentrate at the upper and lower parts, and the center will not be forged through, resulting in axial tensile stress and causing internal transverse cracks. During upsetting, soft pads or stacking upsetting (used for forging thin disc-shaped parts) are often used to improve the uniformity of deformation and prevent surface cracks.
5. When considering the forging process, especially during the final forging, it is advisable to avoid forging at the critical deformation level to prevent coarse grain structure. Specifically, at high temperatures, metals have good plasticity and low deformation resistance, so a deformation amount much greater than the critical deformation level should be used for forging; during low-temperature correction, a small deformation amount below the critical deformation level should be used for local adjustments.
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